Egypt Lead to Tension That Continue to This Day

This is a list of conflicts in Egypt arranged chronologically from ancient to modern times. This list includes nationwide and international wars, including: wars of independence, liberation wars, colonial wars, undeclared wars, proxy wars, territorial disputes, and world wars. Also listed might be any battle that occurred within the territory of what is today known as "Egypt" but was itself only part of an operation of a campaign in a theater of a war. There may also be periods of violent civil unrest listed, such as: riots, shootouts, spree killings, massacres, terrorist attacks, and civil wars. The list might also contain episodes of: human sacrifice, mass suicide, massacres, and genocides.

Prehistoric times [edit]

Prehistoric Egypt [edit]

between 14340 to 13140 BCE^[1] Battle at Cemetery 117^[2]

Ancient times [edit]

Early Dynastic Period of Egypt [edit]

c. 3100 BCE Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt^[3]
c. 3050 BCE Hor-Aha, the second pharaoh of Egypt, led a campaign against the Nubians.^[4]
c. 2890 BCE After the death of Qa'a, the last pharaoh of the First Dynasty of Egypt, a short war may have occurred for the throne of Egypt, ending with the accession of Hotepsekhemwy.^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8]
c. 2690 BCE Khasekhemwy reunited Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt after a short period of political fragmentation.^[9] ^[10]

Old Kingdom of Egypt [edit]

c. 2670 BCE Djoser, the first pharaoh of the Third Dynasty of Egypt, dispatched several military expeditions to the Sinai Peninsula, during which the local inhabitants were subdued

First Intermediate Period of Egypt [edit]

c. 2150 BCE The 4.2 kiloyear event triggered famines, social disorder, and fragmentation.^[11]
c. 2140 BCE During the reign of the pharaoh Neferkare III, the nomarch of Hieraconopolis Ankhtifi, led a coalition of his nome and Edfu against Thebes.
c. 2120 BCE Mentuhotep I and Sehertawy Intef I, independent rulers at Thebes in the early eleventh dynasty of Egypt, had soldiers fighting the Coptite nomarch Tjauti, and the subsequent defeat of Tjauti ultimately put Koptos, Dendera and the three nomes of Hierakonpolis under Theban control, expanding the Theban kingdom 250 km northward with a border near Abydos.
c. 2075 BCE The pharaoh Akhtoy Nebkaure sacked Thinis

Middle Kingdom of Egypt [edit]

c. 2061 BCE – c. 2010 BCE Campaigns of Mentuhotep II
c. 1900 BCE, in year 18 of Senusret I conquest of Lower Nubian
c. 1880 BCE, Amenemhat II, looting of two cities in Asia
c. 1860-1850 BCE, Senusret III, four campaigns to Nubia, one campaign to the Southern Levant
c. =1850 BCE Amenemhat III, short Nubian campaign in year 9 of the king's reign
c. 1705 BCE – c. 1648 BCE After the death of the sixth pharaoh of the Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt Nehesy Aasehre, the 14th dynasty continued to rule in the Nile River Delta region of Lower Egypt with a number of ephemeral or short-lived rulers until 1650 BCE when the Hyksos Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt conquered the Delta.^[12]

Second Intermediate Period of Egypt [edit]

c. 1705 BCE – c. 1648 BCE After the death of the sixth pharaoh of the Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt Nehesy Aasehre, the 14th dynasty continued to rule in the Nile River Delta region of Lower Egypt with a number of ephemeral or short-lived rulers until 1650 BCE when the Hyksos Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt conquered the Delta.^[12]
c. 1649 BCE the Hyksos conquer Memphis, putting an end to the 13th Dynasty.
c. 1649 BCE – c. 1600 BCE the Hyksos progress south conquering Middle Egypt, then controlled by the Abydos Dynasty or the 16th Dynasty.
c. 1629 BCE – c. 1628 BCE Neferhotep III certainly embroiled in a defensive war against the Hyksos Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt, which would ultimately overrun the Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt state.
c. 1582 BCE Final Theban offensive of Hyksos who conquer Thebes ending the 16th Dynasty.
- c. 1580 BCE The Hyksos had withdrawn from Thebes abandoning it to the Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt.
c. 1560 BCE – c. 1540 BCE The Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt at war with the Hyksos.

New Kingdom of Egypt [edit]

c. 1550 BCE Pharaoh Ahmosis I launches an invasion on the Hyksos in Upper and Lower Egypt, driving them out and chasing them into the Levant until his armies obliterated them. Starting a new era in Ancient Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom under the rule of the 18th dynasty.
1457 BCE Battle of Megiddo: Thutmose III defeats Canaanite Coalition

c. 1282 BCE Seti's military campaigns
1206 BCE – c. 1150 BCE Bronze Age collapse causes the collapse of the New Kingdom of Egypt and subsequent attacks from Libyans, with associated people of Ekwesh, Shekelesh, Lukka, Shardana and Tursha or Teresh possibly Troas. A second attack during the reign of Ramesses III involved Peleset, Tjeker, Shardana and Denyen.
- c. 1178 Egyptian-Sea People wars
  - c. 1178 BCE Battle of the Delta
  - c. 1178 BCE Battle of Djahy

Third Intermediate Period of Egypt [edit]

925 BCE Battle of Bitter Lakes
752–721 BCE Conquest of Egypt
671 BCE Assyrian invasion of Egypt led by Esarhaddon
664 BCE Sack of Thebes led by Ashurbanipal

Late Period of Egypt [edit]

530–522 BCE Campaigns of King Cambyses II of Persia
- 525 BCE Battle of Pelusium
522–520 BCE Rebellion of Petubastis III
480s BCE Rebellion of Psamtik IV
460–454 BCE Rebellion of Inaros II
- 459 BCE Battle of Papremis
411 BCE Amyrtaeus revolted against Darius II of the Achaemenid Empire, leading a guerrilla action in the western Nile Delta around his home city of Sais, and regaining the Egyptian independence.
385–383 BCE – A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by king Hakor
374–373 BCE – A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by king Nectanebo I
c. 340 BCE – Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
335 BCE – 323 BCE Wars of Alexander the Great
- 333 BCE Pelusium opened its gates to Alexander the Great, who placed a garrison in it under the command of one of those officers entitled Companions of the King

Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt [edit]

335–323 BCE Wars of Alexander the Great
- 333 BCE Pelusium opened its gates to Alexander the Great, who placed a garrison in it under the command of one of those officers entitled Companions of the King
173 BCE Antiochus Epiphanes utterly defeated the troops of Ptolemy Philometor under the walls of Pelusium, which he took and retained after he had retired from the rest of Egypt
55 BCE Again belonging to Egypt, Mark Antony, as cavalry general to the Roman proconsul Gabinius, defeated the Egyptian army, and made himself master of the city.
10 January 49 BCE – 17 March 45 BCE Caesar's Civil War
- 48–47 BCE Siege of Alexandria
- 47 BCE Battle of the Nile
32 BCE – August 30 BCE Final War of the Roman Republic
- 31 July – 1 August 30 BCE Battle of Alexandria

Roman Province of Egypt [edit]

32 BCE – 30 August BCE Final War of the Roman Republic
- 31 July – 1 August 30 BCE Battle of Alexandria
115–117 CE Kitos War

Medieval period [edit]

Byzantine Diocese of Egypt [edit]

618–621 CE Sassanid conquest of Egypt
- 619 CE Siege of Alexandria

Sassanid Empire [edit]

618–621 CE Sassanid conquest of Egypt
- 619 CE Siege of Alexandria

Rashidun Caliphate [edit]

639–642 CE Muslim conquest of Egypt
- 6 July 640 CE Battle of Heliopolis
- 641 CE Siege of Alexandria
- 646 CE Battle of Nikiou

Abbasid Caliphate [edit]

809–827 CE Great Abbasid Civil War

Ayyubid dynasty [edit]

1171–1172 CE Ayyubids Conquest of North Africa and Nubia
1095–1272 CE The Crusades
- 1213–1221 CE Fifth Crusade
  - 1218–1219 CE Siege of Damietta
- 1248–1254 CE Seventh Crusade
  - 6 June 1249 CE Siege of Damietta
  - 8 February 1250 CE – 11 February 1250 CE Battle of Al Mansurah
  - 6 April 1250 CE Battle of Fariskur

Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt [edit]

9–12 October 1365 CE Alexandrian Crusade

Modern Times [edit]

Eyalet of Egypt [edit]

538–1557 CE Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts
20 April 1792 – 25 March 1802 CE French Revolutionary Wars
- May–December 1798 CE Mediterranean campaign
  - 1798–1801 CE French campaign in Egypt and Syria
    - 13 July 1798 CE Battle of Shubra Khit
    - 21 July 1798 CE Battle of the Pyramids
    - 1–3 August 3, 1798 CE Battle of the Nile
    - 21 October 1798 CE Revolt of Cairo
    - 25 July 1799 CE Battle of Abukir
    - 19 February 1799 CE Siege of El Arish
    - 20 March 1800 CE Battle of Heliopolis
    - 8 March 1801 CE Battle of Abukir
    - 13 March 1801 CE Battle of Mandora
    - 21 March 1801 CE Battle of Alexandria
    - 17 August – 2 September 1801 CE Siege of Alexandria
18 May 1803 CE – 20 November 1815 CE Napoleonic Wars
- 1807–1809 CE Anglo-Turkish War
  - 1807 CE Alexandria expedition

Khedivate of Egypt [edit]

1882 CE Anglo-Egyptian War
- 11–13 July 1882 CE Bombardment of Alexandria
- June–July 1882 CE Egyptian Expedition
- 1882 CE Battle of Kassassin
- 1882 CE Battle of Kafr el-Dawwar
- 13 September 1882 CE Battle of Tel al-Kebir
1881–1899 CE Mahdist War
- 3 August 1889 CE Battle of Toski

Sultanate of Egypt [edit]

28 July 1914 CE – 11 November 1918 CE World War I
- 29 October 1914 CE – 30 October 1918 CE Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
  - 28 January 1915 CE – 30 October 1918 CE Sinai and Palestine Campaign
    - 26 January – 4 February 1915 CE Raid on the Suez Canal
    - 23 April 1916 CE Battle of Katia
    - 3–August 5, 1916 CE Battle of Romani
    - 23 December 1916 CE Battle of Magdhaba
    - 9 January 1917 CE Battle of Rafa
    - 13–21 February 1917 CE Raid on Nekhl

Kingdom of Egypt [edit]

1 September 1939 CE – 2 September 1945 CE World War II
- 10 June 1940 CE – 2 May 1945 CE Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
  - 10 June 1940 CE – 13 May 1943 CE North African Campaign
    - 11 June 1940 CE – 4 February 1943 CE Western Desert Campaign
      - 9–16 September 1940 CE Italian invasion of Egypt
      - 9 December 1940 CE – 9 February 1941 CE Operation Compass
      - 4 February 1942 CE – Abdeen Palace Incident
      - 1–27 July 1942 CE First Battle of El Alamein
      - 30 August – 5 September 1942 CE Battle of Alam Halfa
      - 11 October – 23 November 1942 CE Second Battle of El Alamein
15 May 1948 CE – 10 March 1949 CE Arab–Israeli War
- December 1948 CE – January 1949 CE Battles of the Sinai

Republic of Egypt [edit]

23 July 1952 CE Egyptian Revolution
2–3 November, 1955 CE Operation Volcano (Israeli raid)
29 October – November 7, 1956 CE Suez Crisis
- October 1956 CE Operation Musketeer
- 1956 CE Operation Telescope
- 1956 CE Battle of Suez (1956)

United Arab Republic [edit]

28 September 1961 CE Collapse of the United Arab Republic

Arab Republic of Egypt [edit]

5–11 June 1967 CE Six-Day War
- 5–6 June 1967 CE Battle of Abu-Ageila
- 8 June 8, 1967 CE – USS Liberty incident
1 July 1967 CE – 7 August 1970 CE War of Attrition
- 11 July 1967 CE Battle of Rumani Coast
- 19 July 1969 CE Operation Bulmus 6
- 20 July 1969 CE – 28 July 1969 CE Operation Boxer
- 26–27 December 1969 CE Operation Rooster 53
- 7 January – 13 April 1970 CE Operation Priha
- 22 January 1970 CE Operation Rhodes
- 30 July 1970 CE Operation Rimon 20
6–25 October 1973 CE Yom Kippur War

6–8 October 1973 Operation Badr
6 October 1973 Battles of Fort Budapest
6 October 1973 Battle of Fort Lahtzanit
6 October 1973 Ofira Air Battle
6-7 October 1973 Battle of El Qantarah
7 October 1973 Romani ambush
7 October 1973 Battle of Marsa Talamat
7 October 1973 Operation Tagar
7-8 October 1973 Battle of the Moses Eyes Fortress
8 October 1973 Battle of Firdan
8–9 October 1973 Battle of Baltim
14 October 1973 Battle of the Sinai
14 October 1973 Air Battle of El Mansoura
15 October 1973 – 17 October 1973 Battle of the Chinese Farm
16 October 1973 Raid on Egyptian missile bases
17 October 1973 Egyptian 25th Brigade ambush
18 October 1973 – October 1973 Battle of Ismailia
22 October 1973 Scud missile attack
24 October 1973 – 25 October 1973 Battle of Suez

21–24 July 1977 Libyan-Egyptian War

25 January 2011 2011 Egyptian Revolution and Aftermath

25 January – 11 February 2011 Egyptian Revolution
23 February 2011 – ongoing Sinai insurgency
22 November 2012 – 3 July 2013 Egyptian protests
28 June – 3 July 2, 2013 June 2013 Egyptian protests
3 July 2013 Political violence in Egypt
16 February 2015 – ongoing Intervention in Libya
25 March 2015 – ongoing Intervention in Yemen

References [edit]

^ Dawn of Ancient Warfare. Ancient Military History. Retrieved December 17, 2011.
^ Kelly, Raymond (October 2005). "The evolution of lethal intergroup violence". PNAS. 102 (43): 24–29. doi:10.1073/pnas.0505955102. PMC1266108. PMID 16129826.
^ Shaw, Ian and Nicholson, Paul. The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt. p.197 Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 1995. ISBN 0-8109-9096-2
^ W. M. Flinders Petrie: The Royal Tombs of the Earliest Dynasties 1901, Part II, London 1901, Taf. XI,1
^ Wolfgang Helck: Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen), Vol. 45, Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, ISBN 3-447-02677-4
^ Guy Brunton: Qau and Badari I, with chapters by Alan Gardiner and Flinders Petrie, British School of Archaeology in Egypt 44, London 1927: Bernard Quaritch, Tafel XIX, 25
^ Peter Kaplony: „Er ist ein Liebling der Frauen" – Ein „neuer" König und eine neue Theorie zu den Kronprinzen sowie zu den Staatsgöttinnen (Kronengöttinnen) der 1./2. Dynastie. In: Manfred Bietak: Ägypten und Levante. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien 2006 ISBN 978-3-7001-6668-9; page 126–127.
^ Dietrich Wildung: Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewußtsein ihrer Nachwelt. page 36–41.
^ Walter Bryan Emery: Great tombs of the First Dynasty (Excavations at Saqqara, vol. 3). Gouvernment Press, London 1958, p. 28–31.
^ Peter Kaplony: „Er ist ein Liebling der Frauen" – Ein „neuer" König und eine neue Theorie zu den Kronprinzen sowie zu den Staatsgöttinnen (Kronengöttinnen) der 1./2. Dynastie. In: Ägypten und Levante. vol. 13, 2006, ISSN 1015-5104, S. 107–126.
^ Stanley, Jean-Daniel; et al. (2003). "Nile flow failure at the end of the Old Kingdom, Egypt: Strontium isotopic and petrologic evidence". Geoarchaeology. 18 (3): 395–402. doi:10.1002/gea.10065.
^ ^a ^b Bourriau in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, p.194

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Egypt